IPCC-Queries

Introduction

This book takes advantage of the semantic representation of the AR6 Synthesis Report [1], part of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report [2]. The wraps around a Wikibase at kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud.

Confidence levels

The report links statements to confidence levels. These are, along with the number of statements with that level:

SPARQL sparql/confidenceLevels.rq (run, edit)

PREFIX wdt: <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd:  <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/entity/>
PREFIX p:   <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/prop/>
PREFIX pq:  <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/prop/qualifier/>
SELECT ?confidence ?confidenceLabel (COUNT(DISTINCT ?statement) AS ?count) WHERE {
  ?paragraph p:P3 ?statement .
  ?statement pq:P5 ?confidence .
  FILTER(contains(str(?confidence), "https"))
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en". }
} GROUP BY ?confidence ?confidenceLabel

With gives:

confidence count
high confidence 56
medium confidence 12
very high confidence 9
low confidence 1
medium to high confidence 3

Data model

This knowledge graph has a number of types used to semantically model the data.

Sections and Facts

The AR6 Synthesis report is organized as a collections of sections that consist of one or more paragraphs, where each paragraphs cites other parts of the IPCC reports. Each paragraph consists of facts, each with a confidence level (see above). This is explained more in the next section.

This model is captured in the shape expression E1 (see [3]):

PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
PREFIX wd:  <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <https://kg-ipclimatec-reports.wikibase.cloud/prop/direct/>

START = @<Section>

<Section> {
  wdt:P1 [ wd:Q18 ] ; # instance of
  wdt:P4 . * ; # part of
  wdt:P11 @<Section> * ; # cites
  p:P3 @<Statement> * # has the statement
}

<Statement> {
  pq:P1 . ? ; # instance of
  pq:P5 @<Confidence> ? ; # confidence
  pq:P8 xsd:integer ? ; # series ordinal
  pq:P9 @<SpacialScope> ? # spacial scope
}

<Confidence> {
  wdt:P1 [ wd:Q1 ] # instance of 'confidence'
}

<SpacialScope> {
  wdt:P1 [ wd:Q32 ] ; # instance of 'ecosystem'
  wdt:P2 IRI ? # same as
}

References

  1. AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023 [Internet]. Sixth Assessment Report. Geneva, Confoederatio Helvetica: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Available from: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/
  2. Rojas M, Marengo J, Artaxo P, Marotzke J, Unnikrishnan AS, Narisma G, et al. Sixth Assessment Report [Internet]. Geneva, Confoederatio Helvetica: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; 2021. (IPCC report). Available from: https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/
  3. Waagmeester A, Willighagen EL, Su AI, Kutmon M, Gayo JEL, Fernández-Álvarez D, et al. A protocol for adding knowledge to Wikidata: aligning resources on human coronaviruses. BMC Biol [Internet]. 2021 Jan 22;19(1):12. Available from: https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12915-020-00940-y.pdf doi:10.1186/S12915-020-00940-Y (Scholia)